centos7安装mysql8(下载压缩包安装方式)

下载解压

先下载在centos系统下MySQL8.0的安装包https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

我下载的是 mysql-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

我这里把MySQL8安装包上传到/var/www/data/mysql8目录下。

进入目录/var/www/data/mysql8，运行以下命令解压缩：

tar -xvf mysql-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

如下所示：

# tar -xvf mysql-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 
mysql-community-client-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-debuginfo-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-debug-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

卸载自带的mariadb

查询已经安装的mariadb

rpm -qa | grep mariadb

展示出来所有名字，有多个，则重复卸载多次，务必卸载干净。如下是卸载mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64

 rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64

准备安装环境

依次执行如下命令：

yum update -y

yum install -y libaio
yum install -y net-tools
yum install openssl-devel.x86_64 openssl.x86_64 -y

yum -y install autoconf
yum install perl.x86_64 perl-devel.x86_64 -y
yum install perl-JSON.noarch -y
yum install perl-Test-Simple -y

以上命令是解决安装mysql8时的依赖环境问题。（如果以上命令运行失败可能会影响接下来的安装）

安装mysql8

在/var/www/data/mysql8下依次运行以下几个命令，安装MySQL8，注意如下命令运行顺序不能颠倒，必须严格按照以下顺序运行：

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm   
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

修改配置文件：

编辑/etc/my.cnf文件，可以为MySQL设置如下参数（按实际需求选择即可）

[mysqld]
# 设置 MySQL 服务运行的端口号
port = 3306
# 指定 MySQL 数据库的默认字符集
character-set-server=utf8mb4
# 允许外部访问
bind-address=0.0.0.0

# 设置client连接mysql时的字符集,防止乱码
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'

# 设置 MySQL 允许访问的最大连接数
max_connections = 1000

# 指定MySQL服务器存储数据文件的目录
datadir=/var/www/data/mysql8/data

# 是否对sql语句大小写敏感，1表示不敏感
lower_case_table_names = 1

# 事务隔离级别，默认为可重复读，mysql默认可重复读级别（此级别下可能参数很多间隙锁，影响性能）
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

# TIMESTAMP如果没有显示声明NOT NULL，允许NULL值
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

目录授权

chown -R mysql:mysql /var/www/data/mysql8/data

启动mysql

systemctl start mysqld.service

查看MySQL8的状态

systemctl status mysqld.service

设置开机自启动

systemctl enable mysqld

启动mysql后会生成一个临时密码，使用此命令可以查询到临时密码

less /var/log/mysqld.log

找到下面这行：

A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: mM4Hl,U1F:XZ

默认密码就是 mM4Hl,U1F:XZ

命令行登录mysql

mysql -u root  -p

输入临时密码，后进入，执行操作时提示：

ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

则执行如下：

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '你的密码' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;